Glycerin obtained:
Hydrolysis of oils with sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide
as a by-product in Alcoholic fermentation, Synthetically obtaining propylene starting material from the cracking of the subject gas, Hydroxylation of Ally alcohol with hydrogen peroxide in WO 3 catalyst.
Glycerin Properties:
Glycerin is a colorless liquid with sweetish viscous. It mixes with water and alcohols everywhere but is almost insoluble in ether. The anhydrous glycerin is crystallized when cooled intensely. (EN 18 ° C). A triple alcohol shows the expected chemical behavior. The mild oxidation of glycerin changes both the primary and secondary OH groups to form glyceral dehyde and dihydroxyacetone.
Uses of glycerin:
Glycerin has found a widespread commercial application area. In the pharma industry the ointment is used in toothpaste manufacture and cosmetics. The fabric is used as an agent in the textile and as a preservative for the final product moisture in the tobacco industry. It is used as an antifreeze in aqueous solution in gas watches and car radiators and is known as a brake fluid. Used as a hygroscope in typewriter tapes.
Glycerine is the medical form of glycerol used in pharmacy. It is a light sweet and dense liquid.
Glycerin is a sugar alcohol, and the hydrophilic alcoholic hydroxyl groups it contains are readily soluble in water. It is colorless and odorless. The boiling point is high.
Due to its moisturizing properties it is especially popular in personal care products and at the same time in many different sectors. Four times as much water as water can absorb. It is also used as a food additive with the code E 422.
The glycerin used in the making of candles until 1889 was one of the indispensable inputs of soap production, with the discovery of re-uptake during soap making this year.
Glycerin, which can be obtained from natural and petrochemical routes, is found in animal and vegetable oils.
After the synthetic glycerin has passed through many processing steps, it is produced in the desired concentration and high product quality. Glycerol is also a by-product of biodiesel production.
In the United States, annual glycerin production amounts to 350,000 tonnes. For Europe this number is about 600,000 tons.
Glycerin is known for about 1500 uses today:
- It is used as food preservative, solvent and sweetener in food and beverages and helps to protect foods.
- Fix it in freezing.
- It is used as a thickener in liqueurs and a thickener in low-fat foods.
- It is used instead of sugar. The sweetness rate corresponds to 60% of sucrose, calorie is equivalent to table sugar, but does not increase the sugar level.
- It is used in cough syrups.
- It is found in ointments externally applied to diabetes mellitus.
- It is used as a suppository in the cavity.
- It is used as solvent and lubricant in personal care products. Most toothpastes, mouthwashes, skin care products, shaving creams, hair care products contain glycerin.
- It is used as the second ingredient in soap.
- It is used in making candles.
- It is used as moisture retainer in narghile tobacco.
- Glycerine is an effective means of delivery in the ketosis of cattle due to its glucogenic effect. The ketosis is given orally on the first day, twice at 225 g, then 115 g once daily.
- When glycerin, a vehicle suitable for most pharmaceutical forms in animals, is used rectally in the form of an enema or suppository, it increases the bowel contractions, creating a driving effect. For this purpose 25-30 g glycerin is mixed with 250-500 ml water and used as enema.
- Prevents drying of hard stains such as ink and uses glycerin to remove stains.
- It is used in the construction of dynamite.
- It has anti-freeze properties.
